Supersets
When exercises are grouped together in a superset, you switch to the next one after each set, instead of completing all the sets of one exercise at a time.
Using Supersets can have various benefits, depending on which exercise are grouped together and how fast you go through them.
Here are some common ways to group exercises:
Pair / Triplet
Combination of 2 or 3 exercises targeting different muscle groups or movement patterns, meant to enhance training efficiency: one muscle group gets to recover while you perform the next exercise. This allows to reduce the rest time needed between sets.
Circuit
Series of exercises (generally more than 6) working various muscle groups and performed in quick succession. This provides a time-efficient approach that can improve cardiovascular capacity, muscle endurance and strength at the same time.
Superset
In some situations, this term describes a group of 2 or 3 exercises, with little or no rest in between, which target similar muscle groups. This is used to increase the intensity and challenge the muscles in different ways.
Giant set
Group of 4 or more exercises targeting similar muscle groups. This is designed to create significant metabolic demand on the muscles and is generally used by experienced athletes to push their limits and break through plateaus.
Short
Long
Different muscles
Same muscles
In Calistree, they are all simply called "Supersets", as this is the most generally-accepted term for grouping exercises together.